Excerpts from book:

Logic programming takes proof theory as the model of computation. A logic program is a set of axioms, a logic interpreter implements a deduction mechanism based on some inference rules, and the object of a computation is to determine which conclusions follow (or whether a particular statement of interest follows) from the axioms and the inference rules.

Historically, logic programming is linked with the language Prolog, developed in the early 1970s from research in natural-language processing. Although still the only language of its kind, Prolog must be viewed as a TOOL - a practical, working implementations of the concepts behind logic programming. Because it introduces certain impurities, we must carefully distinguish between Prolog the language and logic programming the concept.

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